American Roots: Gimmie Gimmie Disco, a Sub-genre to One of American Music's Roots

 

Who? Everyday People 

            According to Vanity Fair’s article, “Boogie Nights and the Beginning of Disco”, although there are claims that disco began in the American 1960s in New York City in the “sophisticated spots” opened for mainly celebrities, the true magic of disco began in the 1970s in underground minority clubs. The beat of funk had picked up and large dance moves were made, and disco was born. In the article, there are statements from individuals who had their own experience and memory of the boom of disco, including some of my favorites:

Harry “KC” Wayne Casey, songwriter, founder, KC & the Sunshine Band (“Get Down Tonight,” “That’s the Way [I Like It]”): I wanted to make an album that would all be up-tempo. “Shake Your Booty” was written out of frustration, seeing people struggling with wanting to have a good time. Wanting to just feel free and be themselves. Get up off your ass and do something.

 

Felipe Rose: Being bi-racial and being gay, I was sort of in the ghetto. Suddenly Jacques is talking about records, and I wasn’t sure the mainstream community was going to get it, and I wasn’t sure how the gay community was going to look at it. But I was an artist and I wanted to just keep working. So I thought, Well, one album and move on to the next thing. Then, when the first album came out, I quit the Anvil.

Disco music reflected my own personal needs—to be able to listen to music at a dinner party or while making love that wouldn’t be interrupted by a commercial or a radio announcer. When I got Donna Summer’s “Love to Love You Baby,” I played it at a party, and people kept telling me to play it again. So I called [producer] Giorgio [Moroder] and asked him to make an extended version of the record. He made a 16-minute-and-40-second version and the rest is history. —Neil Bogart, president, Casablanca Records, 1979.

Felipe Rose: We were proud of our gay roots, but we rode both sides of the fence very, very cleverly. It wasn’t the gays who bought the albums; it was straight girls and boys. Radical gay people said we were a sellout and we should say we’re gay and we’re proud, but our feeling was we were artists and entertainers first. When you sell a lot of records, you have a responsibility to your business partners. We became the little cute boys who shook their fannies—the disco boy group.  

Gloria Gaynor: It made all the sense in the world that “I Will Survive” became an anthem of the gay movement. Who felt more oppressed than they did?

Donna Summer: Being called “the Queen of Disco” … well, it’s nice to be the queen of something.

There’s a party going on right here A celebration to last throughout the years. —“Celebration,” Kool & the Gang.

By 1976, there were reportedly 10,000 discos in the U.S.: discos for kids, for senior citizens, for roller-skaters, and portable discos set up in shopping malls and Holiday Inns. That year, on a regular basis, 5 out of 10 singles on Billboard’s weekly charts were disco. And the Fred Astaire Dance Studios did a brisk business teaching the Hustle.

                                                                                                                                               

            As stated above in the statements of these American artist that grew disco and the community it thrived in, disco was for those who want to feel free. Originally serving as a gateway for African Americans, Latinos/as, and the LBGTQ+ communities to thrive in comfort of their own skin. It later became popular, loved by everyone, who couldn’t love the intensity of feeling as you’re free from everything but the beat? Played on the radio, it did receive criticism from conservative religious rightest, but eventually disco made its way from the underground to the radios taking over beyond club culture in New York by leaps and bounds by the mid-1970s across the United States and even into Europe.

Gloria Gaynor’s “I Will Survive”

https://youtu.be/6dYWe1c3OyU



KC and the Sunshine Band’s “Shake Your Booty”

https://youtu.be/x8no2UG-oZ0



What? Instruments and Style

“Disco music is funk with a bow tie.” – Fred Wesley, James Brown’s Trombonist. According to the New World Encyclopedia, the typical instruments of disco can include but not excluded to, “electric guitar, bass guitar, electric piano, keyboard, drums, drum machine, horn section, string section, and orchestral solo instruments (e.g., flute)” which led to my research of why so many similar instruments yet with slightly different timbres. In Nicolas Pell’s article, “Instruments Used in Disco”, they state that the main pieces of disco include “Bass, Percussion, Strings, and Horns” which makes sense with heavy beats and strong textures. The bass, a pluck chordophone with a low pitch, is a large piece of disco, serving as the rhythm which is the basis in majority of disco of music (no pun intended). The “Latin flavor” the percussion has in disco sets it apart from other genres such as rock and Latino. The standard drum set, group of five membranophones of different timbres, and bongos, small pair membranophones with single heads, are the usual percussion instruments used to drive the beat in disco music. Using chordophones such as violins, cellos, and violas as the string section, for the romanticism melodies. A horn section is used in disco, which could include a saxophone, trombone, and trumpet, serving as “accents to songs” or “a hook to a song”. Listen below to the instrumental version of one of the top songs, “Le Freak” by Chic, which displays all the dynamics of disco pieces.

https://youtu.be/sKB6igsD5vA



Disco’s style was a movement, it was freedom. Freedom in everything, especially sexuality. “Beyond modern, it was futuristic- “, claimed in “The Disco Lifestyle” expresses that disco was an expression for society to become new and improved, progressing into a new world. There was flash and shine, all the outfits were all to show the body in flashy colors, sparkly stones, and tight polyester fabrics. The dancing lights in the clubs were hot and fast just like the vibes of disco, after hard times it seems a lot of people could come and escape in the music. The dancing was much frowned upon like the outfits for the overly expressed sexuality, it was used to push boundaries set by conservative religious authority and social norms. There were different types including the “The Hustle, The Bump, YMCA Dance, Funky Chicken Dance, The Disco Finger, The Bus Stop, The Robot, The Lawnmower, The Sprinkler, and The Electric Slide” according to Nneka in her source, “Funky Flashback: Popular 1970’s Dance Moves”. These dances are still quite popular, I personally love the electric slide and the sprinkler. Below you can see the hustle which I have on my bucket list to be able to perform.

https://youtu.be/SFzMs2SN--s?t=36


If you want to look more into these sources and more, check them out below.

https://www.britannica.com/art/country-music

https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2010/02/oral-history-of-disco-201002

https://socialdance.stanford.edu/Syllabi/disco_lifestyle.htm#:~:text=Seventies%20Disco%20was%20born%20on,urban%20and%20suburban%20middle%20class

https://ourpastimes.com/sudoku.html

Comments

Popular Posts